Policies & Amendments

In this Constitutional amendment the duration of reservation of seats in Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Anglo-Indians was extended until 1970. The Constitution of India allows for its amendment in order to change according to evolving situations and requirements, just like all other existing constitutions around the world. Ever since the Constitution of India was enacted in 1950 there have been 104 amendments till January 2020. There are basically three types of amendments to the Indian Constitution, out of which the second and third categories of amendments are governed by Article 368.

The seminal judgments of the Supreme Court of India have provided a wide sense to Article 31(1) and (2). The deprivation of property referred to in clause (1) was to be interpreted in the broadest sense in order to be true in compliance with the decision; the provision for compensation referred to in clause (2) of the Article was intended. It was therefore deemed necessary to restore the State's power of compulsory acquisition and requisitioning of private property and to differentiate it from cases where the application of the regulatory or prohibitive laws of the State results in "deprivation of property."

Ever since the Constitution of India was enacted in 1950 there have been 104 amendments till January 2020. There are basically three types of amendments to the Indian Constitution, out of which the second and third categories of amendments are governed by Article 368. 

The BERUBARI CASE reflects on the preamble and distribution of powers of Parliament in amendments. The Government of West Bengal rejected it when the Nehru-Noon Treaty between India and Pakistan was concluded to separate the territories of the Berubari Union. Following this Union, the matter was referred to SC where it was held that Parliament's right to decrease the territories of a State (Article 3) should not involve transfer of the Indian territory to a foreign nation. Thus, only by amending the Constitution of Article 368, could Indian territories be ceded to a foreign power. The 9th Constitutional Amendment Act (1960) was then introduced.

The personal data protection bill was introduced in the Lok Sabha by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology on 11th December 2019. The main intent of the bill is primarily for the protection of privacy of individuals with regards to their personal data.

The Draft National Education Policy, 2019 prepared by a committee chaired by Dr K. Kasturirangan, was shared for public comment by the Ministry of Human Resource and Development.

Street Vendors (Protection of Livelihood and Regulation of Street Vending) Act, 2014 is an Act of Parliament enacted to regulate street vendors in India.

The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Bill, 2020 was introduced to amend the MTP, 1971

UN Report states that ‘COVID-19 pandemic is turning into a broader child-rights crisis as the social and economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic is potentially catastrophic for millions of children’.

The amendments to IBC were promulgated by President Ramnath Kovind through the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code Ordinance, 2020

There was no existence of the fundamental duties in the origin of the constitution but it was felt by our Government that if there is existence of Rights then there must be some Duties too which should be followed and abided by the Citizens but it should be voluntarily and it should not be imposed but it should be left upon the citizens to let them follow with their own consensus.