AMINO TESTANDI

"Of the same kind."

The rule is used to interpret where a law lists specific classes, and then refers it to general application which pertains to the same kind of persons or things.

“Abundant caution does no harm.”

This principle is generally applied for instruments in which superfluous words have been inserted to express the intention more clearly.

The reason

The legal maxim is of latin origin which means “the reason” or “motivation” behind the decision ruled out by the judge. It refers strictly to the facts of the case, things which cannot be debated. Unlike Obiter Dicta, these statements are actually binding on the case to its facts. All the principles relied on by the court are a part of ratio decidendi in order to prove the reasoning behind coming to the decision in the case. It comprises all the legal points made by the parties in the case.