When the court itself take cognisance of the matter for hearing. It is a situation when the court or the government takes initiative to address the problem.
The meaning of transferred intent or transferred malice “ if you want to kill someone and by any Miss happening you will kill someone else without having any intention or knowledge to kill that person then also he is liable.
Attestation is a legal acknowledgement of the authenticity of a document
This type of principle has been seen in those countries where his executorial system is prevalent.