In rem jurisdiction is a legal term describing the power a court may exercise over property or a "status" against a person over whom the court does not have in personam jurisdiction
A bestow bill is a bill or a proposal of a law which is applied or is presented in front of the concerned authorities.
The doctrine of equitable tolling means only that the running of the statue is suspended, not that the limitations period begins over again.
Causation means the causal relationship between defendant's conduct and result.