A defendant may defend an action by filing a notice of notice. A defendant who has no counterclaim or does not wish to defend may seek notice of all steps in the proceedings by filing a notice of notice.
Bias is a term which goes appropriately with the legal language and is known to everyone belonging to a legal background.
This is a doctrine in the law of tort where a court infers negligence from the nature of the accident or the injury in absence of any direct evidence on how the defendant behaved.
The power to legislate on a subject also includes the power to legislate on ancillary matters that are reasonably connected to that subject.