It means “for this purpose”. It’s a temporary position created for a specific purpose. An Ad-hoc is specifically hired to argue a particular key point in which the person is expert.
The term ‘Bargain’ literally means ‘an agreement between two or more individuals that they will do or say give something in exchange for something’.
Duress means any kind of threat or coercion that is used to force a person to enter into a contract or to do something against their wishes.
For a title to be valid, that title should be freed from defects.